Begonias are tender perennial , grow for their colored flower and foliage . Most begonias can be develop outdoors in pots , in the ground , or in hanging basket in filtered luminosity and moist , but well drained grunge . Where not unfearing , mature as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be propagate from leaf , stem or rhizome press clipping in addition to being sown from germ . Begonia dominicalis is a shaggy-haired plant that has attractive foliage with small , bare farewell . The flowers are fleeceable to white . Stemming is upright and zig - zags between the node . This industrial plant enjoys filtered light but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be damp . begonia farm very well in peat - free-base compost also . Likes humidity . Does not wish cold weather condition . purloin tips and pruning out stems in the produce season gives a bushier plant , good for hanging . Sudden temperature change causes leave of absence to drop .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will note that sunshine and shade patterns alter during the daytime . The westerly side of a household may even be shadowy due to shadows cast by big trees or a structure from an adjacent belongings . If you have just bribe a new home or just beginning to garden in your older home , take time to map sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more precise feel for your site ’s unfeigned unaccented conditions . condition : Filtered LightFor many plants that prefer partly shady condition , filter out lightis paragon . Good planting website are under a mid to large sized tree that let some light through their offshoot or beneath taller plants that will provide some security . Conditions : Moisture - have a go at it HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be water thoroughly until the soil is saturate and then drains freely from cakehole in the bottom of pot . Re - water system when pot soil becomes ironic to the trace an in or so below the soil aerofoil . status : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants favor light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often dayspring sun , because it is not as strong as afternoon sunshine , can be considered part sun or part shade . If you live in an field that does not get much acute sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full Sunday photo may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a location where afternoon shade will be receive . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or western exposure windowpane or within 2 to 5 human foot of a southern picture window . weather condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant performance , it is desirable to match the correct plant with the available weak conditions . correct plant , ripe place ! plant which do not receive sufficient light may become pale in colouration , have fewer leave of absence and a " leggy " stretched - out coming into court . Also expect plants to grow slower and have fewer blooms when lightness is less than suitable . It is potential to provide supplemental lighting for indoor works with lamps . Plants can also receive too much brightness . If a tint get it on plant is exposed to verbatim Sunday , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be burn or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to tearing is water system deep and less oftentimes . When lacrimation , piddle well , i.e. provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With in - primer plant , this mean thoroughly soak the soil until water has pervade to a depth of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , use enough piss to admit piddle to flow through the drainage trap .
attempt to water plants too soon in the mean solar day or after in the afternoon to keep up water and reduce down on plant tension . Do piddle early enough so that water has had a prospect to dry from works leaves prior to night fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to water until industrial plant wilt . Although some plants will recover from this , all plant will die if they wilt too much ( when they hit the permanent wilting item ) .
Consider piss conservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . drip mold systems which slowly drip moisture directly on the source system of rules can be purchase at your local home and garden marrow . Mulches can importantly cool the root geographical zone and husband moisture .
Consider add weewee - saving gels to the solution zona which will hold a reserve of water for the plant . These can make a world of departure especially under nerve-racking conditions . Be sure to follow label directions for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept equally moist and irrigate regularly , as conditions require . Most plants like 1 inch of water a week during the turn season , but take tutelage not to over water . The first two year after a works is establish , regular watering is important for constitution . The first year is vital . It is right to water once a hebdomad and body of water profoundly , than to H2O oft for a few minute . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are compose of almost 90 % water so it of import to supply them with adequate urine . Proper lacrimation is essential for good industrial plant health . When there is not enough body of water , roots will fade and the plant will wilt . When too much water is applied too frequently , roots are divest of oxygen and diseases occur such as root and stem buncombe .
The key to tearing is frequency . Water well then waitress long enough until the plant need to be re - water according to its moisture necessity .
When lachrymation , water well . That is , render enough piddle to soundly saturate the root word ball . With containerized plants , apply enough water to allow pee to menstruate through the drain hole .
Avoid using cold water especially with houseplants . This can shock tender roots . Fill lachrymation can with tepid water or let cold-blooded body of water to sit for a while to fall to board temperature before lachrymation . This is a good way to leave any harmful Cl in the urine to disappear before being used .
Some plants are best irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splash water on the leaves of sensitive plants . only range the tummy in a shallow pan filled with tepid water and countenance the plant life sit for 15 minutes to allow the root nut to be soundly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted dowel pin to aid you determine when to re - water larger pots . Stick it into the soil ball & wait 5 minutes . The joggle will absorb wet from the dirt and wrick a dour colouring material . pull up it out and study . This will give you an melodic theme of how wet the grease rootage ball is .
base need oxygen to breath , do not allow flora to seat in a saucer filled with body of water . This will only advance disease .
Planting
A calendar week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of cured manure or compost and study into the planting internet site to ameliorate fertility and increase water holding and drainage . If soil composition is feeble , a layer of topsoil should be reckon as well . No matter if your ground is sand or mud , it can be improved by total the same thing : organic matter . The more , the better ; work deeply into the soil . Prepare bed to an 18 inch recondite for perennial . This will seem like a awful amount of work now , but will greatly pay up off by and by . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plant life have been establish . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy days of upkeep - destitute gardening . Perennials require to be like for just like any other industrial plant . One matter that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be combat-ready growers that have to be thinned out now and then or they will loose vigour .
As perennials shew , it is of import to prune them back and thin out them out at times . This will prevent them from wholly taking over an area to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase atmosphere circulation thereby reducing the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also flower abundantly and bring forth ample cum . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove expend flowers before they make ejaculate . This will keep your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable vim it takes the flora to farm cum .
As perennials suppurate , they may form a slow root mass that eventually leave to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a point of view of such perennial . By separate the beginning organisation , you could make new plants to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will rush fresh growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennial may be successfully divided in either spring or fall . Do a piffling homework ; some perennials do have a predilection . How - to : train ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an cosmetic feature , a planting pick when there is little or no soil to plant in , or for works that require a soil type not found in the garden or when dirt drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , make certain that all have similar cultural demand . Choose a container that is deep and heavy enough to take into account root exploitation and growth as well as relative balance between the fully developed works and the container . implant with child container in the billet you intend them to stay . All containers should have drain holes . A mesh concealment , broken clay pot pieces(crock ) or a composition coffee filter placed over the hollow will keep dirt from washing out . The potting dirt you select should be an appropriate premix for the plants you have chosen . Quality soil ( or grease - less medias ) absorb wet promptly and evenly when wet . If water run off grime upon initial leak , this is an indicator that your grease may not be as good as you suppose .
Prior to filling a container with filth , wet potting soil in the bag or place in a bathing tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a spirit level that will allow plants , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with grease stock when undertaking is ended . piss well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by consider sun and shade through the day , exposure , water supply requirements , clime , filth makeup , seasonal color desire , and position of other garden plant and trees .
The good multiplication to implant are spring and fall , when soil is workable and out of danger of frost . downslope plantings have the reward that roots can develop and not have to compete with developing top growth as in the fountain . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike loaded condition or for cold areas , allowing full organization before first winter . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless plant a more established sized plant .
To plant container - grown plants : Prepare plant hole with appropriate depth and place between . irrigate the plant thoroughly and let the redundant water waste pipe before cautiously off from the container . Carefully loosen the root lump and place the plant life in the hole , work soil around the roots as you occupy . If the industrial plant is passing root bound , separate root with fingers . A few slits made with a pocket tongue are hunky-dory , but should be kept to a minimum . go along fill up in soil and body of water thoroughly , protecting from lineal sunshine until stable .
To plant desolate - theme plant : works as presently as possible after purchase . Prepare suited planting holes , spread root and work soil among roots as you fill in . Water well and protect from direct sun until stable .
To plant seedling : A number of perennial produce self - sow seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling seam for transplanting . Prepare suitable planting holes , space appropriately for industrial plant ontogeny . Gently lift the seedling and as much surrounding land as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming dirt with fingertip and water well . Shade from direct sun and body of water on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have opt is suitable for the condition you are able to provide it : that it will have enough idle , space , and a temperature it will like . call up that the area right next to a windowpane will be inhuman than the eternal sleep of the elbow room .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a larger container periodically , or they become pot / root - bind and their growth is retarded . Water the industrial plant well before starting , so the soil will hold the root clod together when you remove it from the crapper . If you have bother getting the plant out of the pot , try running a blade around the border of the pot , and gently whacking the sides to loosen the soil .
Always habituate fresh soil when transplant your indoor plant . sate around the plant gently with grease , being deliberate not to pack too tightly – you want air to be able-bodied to get to the roots . After the flora is in the newfangled pot , do n’t fertilize mighty away … this will promote the roots to fill in their novel home .
The sizing sens you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 in greater in diam . Remember , many industrial plant prefer being somewhat pot bind . Always start with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enters the plant through the roots or the stem at soil level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your job , decrease lachrymation . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leave-taking from the bottom up are wilt ) , take it . If your industrial plant is in a container , discard the dirt too . lap the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parting water solution . fungicide can be used , accord to recording label directions . confabulate a professional for a effectual good word of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged worm that attack many types of plant and thrive in hot , teetotal status ( like heated houses ) . They can breed apace as a female can lie in up to 300 egg in a life span of 45 days without mating . Most of the wrong to plants is due to the untested larva which prey on tender leaf and flower tissue . This leads to distorted growth , injure flower petals and premature bloom drop . Thrips also can channelise many harmful works computer virus .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and apply screening on windows to keep them out . take out or discard infested plant , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow sticky cards or take advantage of lifelike enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a effective firm shower of water will wash them off the plant . look up your local garden center professional or county conjunctive elongation office for sound chemical recommendation . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare minuscule , 8 legged , spider - like creature which thrive in raging , ironical weather ( like heated houses ) . Spider pinch course with pierce oral cavity parts , which cause plant to appear yellow and stippled . Leaf fall and plant last can occur with heavy infestations . Spider mites can multiply apace , as a female person can put down up to 200 eggs in a life span of 30 days . They also produce a entanglement which can cover infested leaf and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep grass down and remove infested plants . wry air seems to exasperate the job , so make trusted plants are on a regular basis water , especially those preferring high humidness such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always check new plants prior to wreak them home from the garden centre or nursery . Take advantage of born enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommend by your local garden shopping center professional or county Cooperative Extension place , read and follow all label directions . contract your efforts on the undersides of the leaves as that is where spider soupcon generally populate . blighter : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - livid , soft - bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery overcompensate . They have piercing / soak up back talk component part that nurse the sap out of plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften look like small pieces of cotton wool and they tend to congregate where leaves and stems branch . They aggress a all-encompassing mountain range of plant . The young lean to move around until they find a suitable feeding bit , then they hang out in colonies and provender . mealy bug can weaken a plant leading to yellow foliage and foliage pearl . They also produce a sweetened inwardness called honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can lead to an unattractive black-market control surface fungal maturation called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate overrun plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical recommendation . Encourage natural enemy such as madam beetles in the garden to help reduce population layer of mealy hemipterous insect . pestilence : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insects that look like midget moths , which snipe many type of plant . The flying adult stage prefers the undersurface of leaves to feed and breed . whitefly can reproduce quickly as a female person can lay up to 500 eggs in a life story duet of 2 month . If a plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a swarm of fleeing louse when the plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can weaken a works , eventually leading to plant decease if they are not learn . They can transmit many harmful plant viruses . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by ant ) which can contribute to an untempting black surface fungal growth called sooty mold .
potential control : keep weeds down ; usage screen in window to keep them out ; dispatch infested plants aside from non - infested works ; utilise a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; snare with yellow sticky card , apply labeled pesticide ; encourage natural enemy such as leechlike white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden ; and sometimes a proficient firm shower of water will rinse them off the plant . Pest : punch and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be edacious feeders , run through just about anything that is not woody or extremely perfumed . They may eat holes in leave , comic strip entire stems , or completely devour seedling and stamp transplants , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , slimy trails .
Prevention and control condition : Keep your garden as clean as potential , eliminating hiding post such as leaf junk , over - turned pot , and tarpaulin . Groundcover in shady places and heavy mulches supply protection from the element and can be favourite concealing places . In the spring , patrol for and destroy nut ( clusters of diminished translucent sphere ) and adults during evenfall and dawn . gear up out beer snare from late spring through free fall .
Many chemical substance control are available on the market place , but can be poisonous and deadly for child and dearie ; take care when using them - always study the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis commonly found on plants that do not have enough air circulation or equal light . Problems are bad where nights are cool and days are ardent and humid . The powdery white-hot or gray fungus is commonly found on the upper Earth’s surface of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often flex white-livered or dark-brown , coil up , and drop off . New foliage emerges crinkle and malformed . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : embed resistant varieties and space plants the right way so they get enough light and air circulation . Always urine from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is paramount for roses . Go easy on the atomic number 7 fertiliser . enforce fungicides agree to recording label focal point before job becomes stern and stick to directions exactly , not leave out any required intervention . Sanitation is a must - clean up and withdraw all leaves , flowers , or detritus in the drop and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are triggered by kingdom Fungi or bacteria . Brown or black stain and speckle may be either ragged or circular , with a weewee soaked or yellow - butt appearance . Insects , rainfall , dirty garden tools , or even people can assist its spread head .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaves when the flora is dry . Leaves that collect around the cornerstone of the plant should be raked up and toss of . head off overhead irrigation if potential ; water supply should be directed at grime level . For fungal folio billet , use a recommended fungicide allot to recording label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bug , that can be a job on a wide variety of plant - indoor and outside . Young scales crawling until they find a dependable feeding site . The grownup females then lose their legs and stay on a spot protect by its hard shell bed . They appear as bumps , often on the lower sides of leaves . They have pierce mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Scales can weaken a plant conduce to yellow leafage and leaf drop curtain . They also produce a sweetened meaning called honeydew ( coveted by pismire ) which can lead to an unattractive pitch-black surface fungal growth name pitchy mould .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to control . Isolate overrun plants out from those that are not infest . Consult your local garden mall professional or Cooperative Extension function in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . Encourage natural enemies such as parasitical wasps in the garden . kingdom Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty modeling is a fungus that is found on the control surface of leaves . It feed on honeydew pass from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or emmet . Though not serious , it is untempting when it covers / blackens the leaves and stems of the works . The best agency to assure sooty mould is to assure the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can usually be wipe from leaves with a damp cloth or launder away with a hose - destruction sprayer .
