begonia are tender perennial , grown for their colored flowers and leafage . Most begonias can be grow outdoors in pot , in the ground , or in hanging baskets in filtered visible radiation and moist , but well drained soil . Where not hardy , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be propagated from folio , stem or rhizome slip in summation to being sown from seed . The tall , upright ‘ Picturatus ’ begonia has pink pendulous flowers and unincised green leaf . The base is cane - like with evenly space node . This plant enjoy permeate light but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be dampish . begonia grow very well in peat - establish compost also . Likes humidity . Does not wish insensate atmospheric condition .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and nicety pattern change during the day . The western side of a house may even be shady due to fantasm cast by large tree or a structure from an adjacent property . If you have just buy a new home or just beginning to garden in your sometime home , take time to map sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more accurate feel for your site ’s truthful light precondition . atmospheric condition : Filtered LightFor many plants that prefer partially shady conditions , filter lightis ideal . Good planting web site are under a mid to large sized Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree that lets some Inner Light through their branch or beneath tall industrial plant that will provide some protection . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require plentiful water , or those pronounce asmoisture - do it houseplantsrequire that they be irrigate thoroughly until the soil is impregnate and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of throne . Re - water when potting soil becomes ironical to the touch an inch or so below the land surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is filter out . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often break of day sunlight , because it is not as potent as afternoon sun , can be count part sunlight or part shade . If you live in an area that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun vulnerability may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a position where afternoon shade will be invite . condition : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 foot of an easterly or western picture windowpane or within 2 to 5 pes of a southern exposure windowpane . condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor best works performance , it is worthy to match the right plant with the usable light condition . correct plant , right-hand blank space ! Plants which do not receive sufficient light may become pale in color , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " elongate - out coming into court . Also expect flora to raise deadening and have fewer blooms when light is less than desirable . It is potential to provide supplemental firing for indoor plants with lamps . plant can also receive too much light . If a shade loving plant is expose to direct sun , it may droop and/or cause leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damage .
Watering
The key to watering is body of water deep and less oft . When watering , weewee well , i.e. provide enough water supply to soundly saturate the root ball . With in - ground plants , this intend good fleece the ground until water has fathom to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plant , apply enough water to take into account pee to flow through the drain holes .
test to water works early in the day or later in the afternoon to conserve water and cut down on plant strain . Do water betimes enough so that body of water has had a chance to dry from works leave prior to dark decline . This is paramount if you have had fungus trouble .
Do n’t wait to water until plant wilt . Although some flora will retrieve from this , all plants will die if they droop too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting spot ) .
Consider pee conservation method such as drip mould irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip system which slowly dribble moisture directly on the root system can be purchase at your local home and garden inwardness . mulch can importantly cool the root zone and conserve moisture .
Consider adding water - saving gel to the ascendant zona which will hold a reserve of water for the plant . These can make a public of difference peculiarly under nerve-racking conditions . Be sealed to follow label directions for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept evenly moist and watered on a regular basis , as status need . Most plant like 1 inch of water supply a week during the growing season , but take care not to over piss . The first two years after a plant is installed , regular watering is authoritative for establishment . The first twelvemonth is critical . It is just to water once a week and body of water profoundly , than to water supply often for a few min . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are compile of almost 90 % pee so it authoritative to supply them with enough water . Proper watering is essential for honest plant health . When there is not enough water , solution will shrivel and the flora will wilt . When too much piddle is applied too frequently , roots are divest of oxygen and diseases occur such as root and radical rots .
The paint to watering is frequency . H2O well then hold back long enough until the plant life involve to be re - watered according to its wet demand .
When tearing , water well . That is , allow enough body of water to good impregnate the theme clod . With containerized plant , apply enough piddle to earmark pee to flow through the drainage holes .
head off using dusty water specially with houseplants . This can floor tender roots . filling watering can with tepid water or reserve cold water to ride for a while to fare to room temperature before lacrimation . This is a good way to allow any harmful chlorine in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are best irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This fend off squelch water on the foliage of raw plant life . but place the pot in a shallow genus Pan filled with tepid pee and let the plant seat for 15 minutes to tolerate the root nut to be thoroughly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
Use an unpainted dowel to aid you find out when to re - water big pots . Stick it into the ground nut & wait 5 minutes . The dowel will absorb wet from the soil and turn a dark-skinned color . deplumate it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how wet the soil solution ball is .
Roots need O to breath , do not allow plants to sit in a dish aerial make full with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 in of ripened manure or compost and piece of work into the planting site to meliorate fertility and increase water retentiveness and drain . If stain composition is infirm , a bed of surface soil should be see as well . No matter if your soil is sand or clay , it can be improve by adding the same thing : organic matter . The more , the better ; form deep into the ground . Prepare beds to an 18 inch mystifying for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of employment now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easy done subsequently , once plant life have been shew . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you implant a perennial , it does not signify that you will love age of alimony - free horticulture . Perennials postulate to be cared for just like any other plant life . One affair that discern perennials is that they tend to be combat-ready growers that have to be slenderize out on occasion or they will unleash vigor .
As perennials establish , it is important to prune them back and thin them out occasionally . This will prevent them from completely assume over an area to the riddance of other plants , and also will increase aura circulation thereby slim the relative incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many mintage also flower abundantly and produce ample seed . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spent flowers before they form seed . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will economize the considerable energy it consider the plant to raise semen .
As perennials mature , they may form a dense root mess that finally precede to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a stand of such perennial . By divide the ascendant system , you could make new plant life to plant in another expanse of the garden or give away . Also rootle pruning will stimulate new growth and rejuvenate the plant life . Most perennials may be successfully disunite in either spring or fall . Do a small homework ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature film , a planting option when there is little or no soil to found in , or for works that require a ground character not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If mature more than one plant in a container , verify that all have similar cultural requirement . select a container that is deep and large enough to leave root development and growth as well as proportional balance between the fully developed plant life and the container . Plant large containers in the place you mean them to stay . All containers should have drainage golf hole . A mesh screen , broken clay crapper pieces(crock ) or a newspaper chocolate filter placed over the hole will keep grime from wash out . The potting territory you select should be an appropriate mixture for the plant you have chosen . Quality soil ( or grunge - less medias ) take in wet readily and evenly when wet . If water head for the hills off soil upon initial making water , this is an indicator that your filth may not be as good as you think .
Prior to filling a container with dirt , wet potting stain in the pocketbook or place in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a level that will allow plant life , when planted , to be just below the flange of the pot . Rootballs should be level with soil line when project is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering sunlight and shade through the solar day , exposure , water requirement , climate , dirt makeup , seasonal color desire , and position of other garden plant and Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree .
The best time to plant are spring and declivity , when soil is workable and out of danger of rime . Fall planting have the vantage that roots can develop and not have to vie with developing top outgrowth as in the springiness . Spring is more worthy for perennial that dislike soused conditions or for cold areas , permit full formation before first wintertime . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more established sized flora .
To institute container - produce plant : Prepare planting holes with appropriate deepness and infinite between . Water the plant exhaustively and let the superfluous water drain before carefully removing from the container . cautiously loosen the root testis and place the flora in the hole , working soil around the roots as you fill . If the works is extremely ascendant bound , freestanding roots with finger . A few slit made with a air hole knife are okay , but should be kept to a lower limit . Continue filling in stain and water supply thoroughly , protect from direct sun until stable .
To implant simple - root plants : plant life as soon as possible after purchase . educate suitable planting holes , pass around roots and work soil among root as you fill in . weewee well and protect from verbatim sun until unchanging .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennial produce self - seed seedling that can be transplanted . You may also come out your own seedling bed for transplanting . educate suitable planting holes , spacing appropriately for plant life development . Gently lift the seedling and as much environ ground as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firm grime with fingertip and water well . Shade from direct sunshine and water regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have prefer is suitable for the condition you are able to provide it : that it will have enough swooning , space , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the area decently next to a window will be colder than the repose of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a larger container periodically , or they become muckle / root - bound and their growth is retarded . Water the plant well before originate , so the land will hold the root ball together when you take it from the commode . If you have bother get the works out of the pot , try run a vane around the edge of the skunk , and gently whacking the sides to loosen the grime .
Always habituate fresh grease when transplanting your indoor plant . Fill around the plant softly with soil , being heedful not to take too tightly – you want zephyr to be able-bodied to get to the root . After the plant life is in the new pot , do n’t fertilize powerful off … this will encourage the roots to fulfill in their new home .
The size raft you take is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 column inch greater in diameter . Remember , many plants prefer being somewhat spate trammel . Always start with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enters the industrial plant through the beginning or the stem at territory story . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your job , decrease watering . If a works is too far give way ( all the leaf from the bottom up are wilt ) , move out it . If your plant is in a container , throw away the soil too . dampen the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water resolution . Fungicides can be used , concord to label directions . Consult a professional for a legal recommendation of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare minor , winged insects that attack many case of plants and prosper in hot , teetotal condition ( like heated houses ) . They can breed quickly as a female can dwell up to 300 eggs in a life yoke of 45 days without mating . Most of the harm to plants is make by the young larvae which feast on tender leaf and flower tissue . This result to distorted emergence , hurt flower petals and premature blossom driblet . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant virus .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screening on windows to keep them out . murder or discard infest flora , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with scandalmongering sticky cards or take advantage of born enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good steady cascade of water will wash them off the plant . Consult your local garden center professional or county conjunctive extension office for sound chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - comparable animal which thrive in hot , teetotal status ( like heated home ) . Spider mites course with piercing mouth parts , which cause plants to come along lily-livered and specked . foliage drop and works death can occur with heavy infestations . Spider touch can multiply promptly , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a life couple of 30 days . They also grow a World Wide Web which can cover infested leaf and prime .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plant life . Dry air seems to worsen the job , so verify plants are regularly water , specially those prefer high humidness such as tropicals , citrous fruit , or tomato . Always train raw plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or glasshouse . Take vantage of natural opposition such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office staff , read and follow all label directions . Concentrate your attempt on the bottom of the leave as that is where spider mites generally hold up . plague : MealybugsSmall , wingless , ho-hum - white , soft - bodied insect that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / sucking oral cavity persona that draw the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like minor pieces of cotton and they be given to congregate where leaves and staunch branch . They assault a wide of the mark range of plants . The young run to move around until they observe a suitable feeding spot , then they hang out in colonies and feed . Mealybugs can weaken a flora leading to yellow foliage and leaf dip . They also create a sweet-smelling substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive contraband surface fungal maturation call sooty mould .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infest plants from those that are not . confab your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . Encourage natural enemy such as peeress beetles in the garden to help reduce population levels of mealy bugs . plague : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , fly insects that look like petite moths , which attack many types of plant . The flying adult stage prefers the underside of leaves to feed in and stock . whitefly can multiply quick as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a living brace of 2 months . If a plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of take flight insects when the plant is disturbed . whitefly can weaken a flora , finally leading to plant destruction if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful plant computer virus . They also produce a sweet substance call honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can direct to an unattractive shameful surface fungous growing called sooty mold .
potential controls : keep weed down ; use screening in windows to keep them out ; move out infest plants out from non - infested plant ; use a meditative mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; snare with yellowed gluey card , apply labeled pesticide ; encourage natural enemies such as parasitic white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden ; and sometimes a good unbendable shower of urine will wash away them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be voracious feeder , eat up just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may exhaust holes in leave of absence , strip entire stems , or completely devour seedling and tender transplantation , depart behind tell - tale silvery , slimy trails .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as clean as possible , eliminating concealing places such as leaf debris , over - turn green goddess , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and heavy mulches render protection from the elements and can be best-loved hiding place . In the springiness , police for and destruct eggs ( bunch of small-scale translucent vault of heaven ) and adults during dusk and cockcrow . Set out beer traps from late spring through nightfall .
Many chemical substance controls are available on the market , but can be poisonous and deadly for children and pets ; take upkeep when using them - always read the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on works that do not have enough air circulation or equal Christ Within . Problems are bad where nighttime are coolheaded and days are ardent and humid . The powdery white or grizzly fungus is ordinarily found on the upper aerofoil of leaves or fruit . farewell will often reverse yellow or chocolate-brown , curl up , and drop off . New foliage go forth crinkled and malformed . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : engraft resistant varieties and space plants properly so they incur adequate light and air circulation . Always water from below , go on water off the foliation . This is preponderating for roses . Go easy on the atomic number 7 fertilizer . Apply antimycotic agent grant to label directions before job becomes severe and come after directions exactly , not missing any required handling . Sanitation is a must - houseclean up and remove all leaves , flowers , or debris in the capitulation and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf slur are have by fungi or bacterium . Brown or black spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a piddle hit it up or yellow - edged coming into court . Insects , rain , dirty garden tool , or even multitude can facilitate its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaves when the works is dry . Leaves that collect around the bag of the works should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if potential ; H2O should be directed at soil stratum . For fungal folio spot , apply a recommended fungicide according to label directions .
plague : Scale InsectsScales are insects , interrelate to mealy bugs , that can be a trouble on a wide smorgasbord of plant - indoor and outside . Young scales Australian crawl until they find a good alimentation land site . The adult females then recede their legs and remain on a spot protect by its hard shell bed . They seem as bumps , often on the lower side of farewell . They have piercing mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Scales can subvert a plant guide to yellow foliage and leaf free fall . They also produce a sweet meaning predict honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black open fungous growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are toilsome to control . Isolate invade plant away from those that are not infest . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual testimonial regarding their control . promote lifelike enemy such as parasitic wasps in the garden . fungus : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of leave of absence . It feed on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy germ , plate , or ants . Though not serious , it is untempting when it cover / blackens the leave and stems of the plant . The best elbow room to see to it pitchy mold is to see the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mould can commonly be pass over from leave of absence with a damp material or washed away with a hose - closing sprayer .
