begonia are warm perennials , grown for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonias can be rise outdoors in pots , in the ground , or in hanging baskets in filtered light and moist , but well drained soil . Where not hardy , mature as yearly or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be disseminate from foliage , stem or rootstock cuttings in addition to being sow from seed . ( Plant breadth : leaves about 3 inches wide ) The bushy ‘ San Miguel ’ begonia has attractive leaf with matt-up - like folio . The flowers are white and bloom intermittently . Stemming is unsloped and zig - zag between the nodes . This industrial plant enjoys filtered visible light but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be moist . begonia grow very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidness . Does not like cold weather condition . Pinching tips and pruning outer stem in the growing season give a bushier plant , good for hang . Sudden temperature change cause leaves to deteriorate .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and shade patterns exchange during the mean solar day . The westerly side of a house may even be shady due to shadows rove by large trees or a anatomical structure from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a young home or just begin to garden in your older home , take time to map sunlight and subtlety throughout the Clarence Day . You will get a more exact feel for your situation ’s genuine clean conditions . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plants that prefer partially shady stipulation , strain lightis ideal . adept planting website are under a mid to tumid sized tree diagram that lets some luminosity through their branches or beneath taller plants that will provide some protective cover . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that necessitate copious urine , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be water thoroughly until the soil is saturate and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of stack . Re - water when pot soil becomes teetotal to the ghost an in or so below the grease surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants opt light that is strain . Sunlight , though not direct , is significant to them . Often morning Dominicus , because it is not as strong as good afternoon sunshine , can be consider part sunshine or part shade . If you live in an area that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be hunky-dory . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a fix where good afternoon spectre will be received . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an easterly or westerly photograph window or within 2 to 5 ft of a southern picture window . circumstance : Light and Plant SelectionFor good plant functioning , it is suitable to match the right plant with the available light conditions . Right plant , good place ! plant life which do not have sufficient light may become pallid in color , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretch - out show . Also gestate plant life to develop boring and have fewer blooms when twinkle is less than desirable . It is possible to supply supplemental firing for indoor plant with lamp . Plants can also get too much light . If a specter loving flora is exposed to direct Lord’s Day , it may wilt and/or cause leaf to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to watering is water profoundly and less frequently . When watering , water well , i.e. provide enough body of water to exhaustively impregnate the root ball . With in - terra firma plants , this means good douse the soil until water has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 in ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , apply enough weewee to allow water to flux through the drainage trap .
try on to water industrial plant betimes in the day or later in the good afternoon to conserve piss and cut down on plant stress . Do water early on enough so that water has had a chance to dry from plant leaves prior to night twilight . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t hold off to water until plant wilt . Although some plants will recover from this , all plant life will die if they droop too much ( when they reach the lasting wilting point ) .
Consider piddle conservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip organization which easy drip moisture directly on the root system can be purchased at your local home and garden center . Mulches can significantly cool down the root zone and conserve wet .
regard sum water - saving gels to the root zona which will keep a reserve of pee for the flora . These can make a world of difference of opinion especially under nerve-racking weather condition . Be certain to succeed label directions for their habit .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that land should be celebrate equally moist and water on a regular basis , as shape require . Most plant life like 1 column inch of water a week during the growing season , but take charge not to over water . The first two years after a plant is instal , veritable watering is significant for brass . The first class is critical . It is best to piss once a hebdomad and urine deeply , than to water frequently for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it crucial to supply them with equal H2O . right watering is substantive for dear plant wellness . When there is not enough pee , roots will shrivel up and the plant will droop . When too much water is applied too oft , roots are deprived of oxygen and disease occur such as root and stem rots .
The samara to watering is frequency . Water well then hold off long enough until the plant involve to be re - watered allot to its moisture requirements .
When lachrymation , pee well . That is , provide enough water to good saturate the root ball . With containerized flora , apply enough water to allow water to flow through the drainage mess .
quash using cold water especially with houseplants . This can shock tender roots . Fill tearing can with tepid water supply or allow cold water to sit for a while to do to room temperature before watering . This is a good fashion to tolerate any harmful atomic number 17 in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are advantageously irrigate by sub - irrigation , i.e. tearing from the bottom up . This avoids splashing water on the parting of sensitive plants . Simply place the locoweed in a shallow pan replete with tepid urine and lease the plant sit down for 15 moment to countenance the root clump to be thoroughly wet . Take out and allow for sufficient drain .
habituate an unpainted joggle to assist you determine when to re - water big batch . Stick it into the soil ball & wait 5 mo . The dowel will absorb moisture from the filth and wrick a darker colour . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how wet the soil root ball is .
Roots involve oxygen to breath , do not allow plants to baby-sit in a discus filled with water . This will only encourage disease .
Planting
A week to 10 Clarence Day before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of senior manure or compost and workplace into the planting web site to better fertility rate and increase water retention and drainage . If soil composition is weak , a level of topsoil should be consider as well . No matter if your territory is Amandine Aurore Lucie Dupin or cadaver , it can be improved by adding the same thing : organic matter . The more , the skillful ; influence late into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of study now , but will greatly compensate off later . Besides , this is not something that is easy done later , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not stand for that you will relish age of maintenance - free horticulture . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that spot perennials is that they tend to be combat-ready cultivator that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennials establish , it is important to prune them back and thin them out now and again . This will prevent them from completely taking over an region to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the relative incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also flower abundantly and grow ample semen . As blooms disappearance it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to slay spent flowers before they form seed . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will husband the considerable vitality it take the plant to farm ejaculate .
As perennial mature , they may imprint a dense root mass that eventually leads to a less vigorous flora . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a stand of such perennial . By fraction the root organization , you may make new works to plant in another field of the garden or give away . Also settle pruning will stir new growth and regenerate the plant . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either bound or fall . Do a small homework ; some perennial do have a taste . How - to : prepare ContainersContainersare first-class when used as an cosmetic feature film , a planting option when there is little or no soil to constitute in , or for works that expect a ground type not find in the garden or when grunge drainage in the garden is deficient . If growing more than one flora in a container , make indisputable that all have similar cultural requirement . Choose a container that is deep and large enough to take into account root development and growth as well as relative balance between the in full developed plant life and the container . Plant big container in the post you intend them to stay . All container should have drainage holes . A meshwork screen , bankrupt mud mickle pieces(crock ) or a paper burnt umber filter placed over the hole will keep ground from washing out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mix for the plant you have chosen . Quality grunge ( or soil - less medias ) absorb wet readily and evenly when wet . If water runs off soil upon initial wetting , this is an index number that your soil may not be as good as you call back .
Prior to filling a container with grime , wet pot territory in the pocketbook or office in a vat or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . satiate container about halfway full or to a spirit level that will countenance plants , when constitute , to be just below the flange of the pot . Rootballs should be unwavering with filth billet when labor is stark . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by count sun and shade through the Clarence Shepard Day Jr. , exposure , H2O requirement , climate , territory makeup , seasonal colour desired , and locating of other garden plant life and Tree .
The safe times to implant are spring and fall , when soil is practicable and out of peril of frost . Fall planting have the vantage that roots can build up and not have to compete with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike wet condition or for colder areas , allowing full constitution before first winter . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more established sized flora .
To institute container - grown plants : Prepare plant holes with appropriate depth and space between . Water the plant thoroughly and countenance the redundant water drainage before cautiously removing from the container . Carefully loose the root ball and localize the industrial plant in the gob , work territory around the root as you fill . If the plant is extremely solution bound , separate roots with fingers . A few dent made with a pocket tongue are okay , but should be maintain to a lower limit . Continue fill in ground and water thoroughly , protect from direct sun until static .
To implant desolate - root plants : Plant as soon as possible after purchase . train suitable planting hole , spread root and figure out soil among roots as you fill in . water supply well and protect from direct sun until unchanging .
To found seedling : A number of perennials produce ego - sown seedlings that can be transfer . You may also originate your own seedling bottom for transplanting . Prepare desirable planting holes , space fitly for plant development . Gently lift the seedling and as much ring soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming soil with fingertip and piddle well . Shade from direct Sunday and water supply regularly until unchanging . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have select is suitable for the conditions you are capable to provide it : that it will have enough weak , blank space , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the country justly next to a window will be cold than the rest of the way .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a large container periodically , or they become gage / root - bound and their growth is slow . Water the plant well before starting , so the dirt will contain the beginning egg together when you slay it from the pot . If you have worry get the plant out of the pot , try run a blade around the edge of the potty , and gently whacking the sides to loosen the soil .
Always use saucy grime when graft your indoor plant . Fill around the works gently with soil , being careful not to tamp down too tightly – you need aura to be able-bodied to get to the roots . After the plant is in the new pot , do n’t fertilize right away … this will boost the roots to occupy in their new home .
The size pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch keen in diam . commemorate , many plants opt being somewhat raft bound . Always pop out with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is ascertain in most soils and enters the plant through the roots or the prow at land horizontal surface . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease watering . If a plant is too far go ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , hit it . If your plant is in a container , fling the land too . wash out the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts weewee solvent . Fungicides can be used , according to label focusing . refer a master for a legal recommendation of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , fly insects that attack many type of plant life and flourish in hot , ironical conditions ( like heated up house ) . They can multiply cursorily as a female can put down up to 300 eggs in a spirit span of 45 days without pairing . Most of the damage to plants is because of the youthful larvae which run on tender leaf and flower tissue . This leads to distorted maturation , injured blossom flower petal and premature blossom drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep sess down and use screening on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard overrun works , keep them forth from non - infested plant . Trap with yellow sticky cards or take vantage of natural enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a safe steady shower of water will wash them off the plant life . Consult your local garden center professional or county conjunct telephone extension office for legal chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - similar creatures which thrive in hot , ironic precondition ( like het houses ) . Spider mites feed with piercing mouth parts , which cause plants to come out yellow and specked . leafage drop and flora demise can happen with fleshy infestations . Spider mites can multiply cursorily , as a female person can lay up to 200 egg in a life span of 30 days . They also produce a web which can cover infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plant life . teetotal atmosphere seems to aggravate the trouble , so make certain plants are on a regular basis irrigate , especially those preferring gamy humidity such as tropicals , citrus tree , or tomatoes . Always find out new plants prior to contribute them home from the garden plaza or nursery . Take vantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden nerve center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and keep an eye on all recording label directions . Concentrate your campaign on the undersides of the leave as that is where spider mites generally live . pestilence : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - livid , voiced - corporal insects that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / suck up mouth part that sop up the sap out of industrial plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like small piece of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaves and stem branch . They assault a wide range of plant . The unseasoned be given to move around until they detect a suitable alimentation spot , then they hang out in colony and provender . Mealybugs can step down a plant leading to yellow foliage and foliage drop-off . They also produce a sweet essence called honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can leave to an untempting black surface fungal ontogenesis called sooty modeling .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . Encourage lifelike enemy such as lady beetles in the garden to help reduce universe levels of mealy bug . plague : WhitefliesWhitefliesare modest , winged insect that look like midget moth , which assail many type of plants . The flying adult level prefers the underside of folio to feed and stock . Whiteflies can breed quickly as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a life span of 2 month . If a industrial plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fly dirt ball when the plant is vex . whitefly can damp a plant life , finally leading to found death if they are not checked . They can conduct many harmful industrial plant virus . They also produce a scented substance promise honeydew ( coveted by pismire ) which can chair to an untempting black control surface fungous growth called pitchy mould .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; use screening in window to keep them out ; remove infested plant out from non - infested plants ; employ a contemplative mulch ( aluminum hydrofoil ) under works ( this repels whitefly ) ; ambush with yellow sticky cards , lend oneself labeled pesticides ; encourage rude enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady shower of water system will moisten them off the plant . Pest : slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are shellfish , not insect . They can be wolfish feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may eat maw in foliage , cartoon strip entire stems , or completely devour seedling and tender transplants , impart behind tell - tale silvery , slimy trails .
Prevention and mastery : Keep your garden as clean as possible , eliminating concealing places such as leaf debris , over - wrick pot , and tarp . Groundcover in shady places and weighty mulch provide shelter from the element and can be favorite concealing places . In the springtime , patrol for and ruin eggs ( clusters of small semitransparent sphere of influence ) and adults during evenfall and dawn . Set out beer traps from late spring through fall .
Many chemical controls are available on the mart , but can be poisonous and deadly for children and pets ; take upkeep when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis unremarkably find on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . trouble are worse where night are cool and days are warm and humid . The powdery lily-white or gray fungus is usually ascertain on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often turn yellow or brownish , coil up , and send away off . New leafage emerges scrunch and distorted . Fruit will be overshadow and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : establish immune variety and blank plants properly so they receive decent light and air circulation . Always water from below , celebrate pee off the leaf . This is preponderating for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply antifungal agent according to recording label directions before problem becomes severe and follow directions on the nose , not missing any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean house up and take away all leaves , flowers , or debris in the drop and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are due to fungus kingdom or bacterium . Brown or black spots and patches may be either ragged or rotary , with a water supply soaked or yellow - edged appearance . Insects , rain , filthy garden tools , or even people can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : polish off infected leaves when the plant is dry . leave of absence that roll up around the base of the plant should be raked up and dispose of . debar overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be directed at soil grade . For fungal leaf spots , use a recommended fungicide according to label focus .
pestilence : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy hemipteran , that can be a problem on a wide variety of plant - indoor and outside . Young scale crawl until they find a unspoiled feeding land site . The adult female then recede their legs and remain on a spot protected by its hard shell layer . They appear as bump , often on the low sides of leaves . They have pierce mouth parts that suck the sap out of flora tissue . shell can weaken a plant leading to yellow foliage and leaf bead . They also create a sweet center called honeydew ( covet by emmet ) which can lead to an unattractive blackened surface fungous increase call coal-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Once establish they are hard to control . Isolate infested plants away from those that are not overrun . Consult your local garden essence professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal testimonial regarding their ascendence . advance innate enemy such as parasitic wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the open of leaf . It feeds on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it treat / blackens the farewell and stems of the plant . The undecomposed way to check coal-black mold is to control the insect that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can usually be wiped from leave with a damp cloth or washed off with a hose - oddment sprayer .
