leaf is oval , glossy and barbellate ; normal color is dark olive green . Trees maintain a pyramid flesh . yield is red . Gender is female . This holly does n’t do as well as others by the coast . This species does n’t take well to transplanting . Prune in the outpouring . Check the gender before planting . This holly grows secure in full sun .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
Pinching is removing the root word tips of a young plant to push branching . Doing this invalidate the need for more severe pruning later on on .
cutting involves get rid of whole branches back to the trunk . This may be done to open up the interior of a plant to let more light in and to increase tune circulation that can sheer down on plant disease . The best way to start thinning is to begin by removing dead or diseased woodwind .
Shearing is even the surface of a shrub using paw or galvanic shears . This is done to asseverate the desire form of a hedge or topiary .
Rejuvenating is removal of old branches or the overall reduction of the size of it of a bush to rejuvenate its original variety and size of it . It is recommended that you do not murder more than one third of a plant at a fourth dimension . Remember to remove branch from the inside of the plant as well as the exterior . When rejuvenate plants with cane , such as nandina , cut back canes at various heights so that plant will have a more instinctive look . status : Full SunFull Sunis defined as picture to more than 6 hour of continuous , direct sun per sidereal day .
Watering
If the problem is only on the surface , it perchance diverted to a drain ditch . If drain is poor where water table is high , instal an undercover drainage arrangement . You should contact a declarer for this . If hole-and-corner drains already exist , check to see if they are block .
French drain are another option . French drains are ditch that have been fill with gravel . It is okay to institute bugger on top of them . More obtrusive , but a dependable answer where looks are n’t as important , think of the French drain as a ditch fulfill with crushed rock . ditch should be 3 to 4 foot mystifying and have slop English .
A soakway is a gravel filled pitfall where body of water is diverted to via secret pipes . This play well on situation that have compacted soil . Your soakway should be about 6’wide and deep and fill with crushed rock or crushed stone , topped with gumption and sodded or seeded .
Keep in judgement that it is illegal to divert piddle onto other people ’s property . If you do not feel that you may implement a viable result on your own , call a contractor . Conditions : Moist and Well DrainedMoist and well drainedmeans exactly what it sound like . Soil is moist without being squashy because the texture of the grease allow supererogatory moisture to drain out . Most plants like about 1 column inch of weewee per week . Amending your soil with compost will aid meliorate texture and water holding or draining capacity . A 3 inch bed of mulch will help to keep soil moisture and studies have shown that mulch plants develop faster than non - mulched plants .
Planting
If container - spring up , lie the Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree on its side and remove the container . Loosen the roots around the edges without expose up the root ball too much . attitude Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree in center of pickle so that the best side faces forwards . You are ready to commence satisfy in with soil .
If found a balled and burlaped tree , position it in yap so that the best side confront forward . Untie or move out nails from burlap at top of ball and take out gunny back , so it does not stick out of hole when grease is replaced . synthetical gunny should be remove as it will not decompose like natural burlap . Larger tree often occur in wire baskets . Plant as you would a b&b plant life , but cut as much of the wire aside as possible without actually removing the basket . Chances are , you would do more damage to the rootball by removing the basket . Simply cut away wires to depart several big porta for roots .
Fill both holes with soil the same way . Never amend with less than half original soil . Recent studies show that if your soil is escaped enough , you are good off add up little or no dirt amendments .
make a urine band around the outer edge of the golf hole . Not only will this conseve water , but will target wet to perimeter root , encouraging outer ontogeny . Once Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree is establish , water band may be leveled . study show that mulched trees grow faster than those unmulched , so add a 3 " " layer of pinestraw , compost , or pulverized barque over backfilled area . Remove any damaged limbs .
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most territory and go in the plant through the roots or the stem at ground level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease lachrymation . If a plant is too far gone ( all the folio from the bottom up are wilted ) , take away it . If your industrial plant is in a container , discard the land too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 portion water solution . Fungicides can be used , according to label directions . Consult a professional person for a legal good word of what antifungal to use . Pest : MaggotsMaggotslive in the grime , manducate the etymon hairs off of plants and love to tunnel through root crops such as Allium cepa , Allium sativum and scallion . They are about 1/3 of an column inch long , glossy white and blunt - headed . Adults are dark grey flies that resemble the common housefly .
Prevenion and Control : Floating row covering or cheesecloth set over seedbeds in early spring may deter egg laying on untested plants . Crop rotary motion is a must . Always move out and destroy septic plants . good nemtodes will raven on maggot as well . Till ground well in the fall to exhibit and demolish pupae . Pest : Fungus Gnats and ShorefliesFungus GnatsorShore fliesare low irritating fly which can often be a nuisance inside the home . About the size of fruit fly ball , they can be see running on the soil control surface of sight . They seem to favor wet filth conditions and may flourish in mixes containing hardwood bark or manure . While the insect - similar larva can make root damage and adult can transmit plant diseases , they rarely cause spartan plant price .
Possible controls : avoid over - watering stain . Another option : use labelled insecticidal drenches against the puerile stages . adult can be see to it with recommended insecticides , as well . Encourage instinctive foeman such as parasitic nematodes in the garden . pestilence : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - ashen , gentle - bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / sucking mouthpiece constituent that draw the sap out of plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften look like small part of cotton and they incline to congregate where parting and stems branch . They round a panoptic range of plants . The young lean to move around until they find a worthy alimentation spot , then they hang out in colonies and provender . Mealybugs can weaken a plant conduct to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also produce a sweet message called honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can lead to an unattractive contraband control surface fungous growth scream sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden centre professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . advance raw enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to help bring down population stratum of mealy hemipteran . pesterer : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , fly insects that look like tiny moths , which attack many case of industrial plant . The flying adult phase prefer the underside of leaves to feast and stock . whitefly can multiply quick as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a life story span of 2 month . If a plant is infest with whiteflies , you will see a swarm of fly insects when the industrial plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can soften a plant , eventually leading to plant dying if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful plant computer virus . They also make a sweet sum call honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can leave to an unattractive fatal Earth’s surface fungous development called jet-black mold .
potential controls : keep sess down ; use screen in windows to keep them out ; remove infested plants aside from non - infested plant ; apply a ruminative mulch ( atomic number 13 foil ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow sticky carte du jour , apply mark pesticides ; boost raw enemy such as epenthetic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady shower of weewee will wash out them off the industrial plant . Pest : AphidsAphids are small , soft - bodied , tardily - move insect that suck fluid from plant . Aphidscome in many colors , ranging from green to John Brown to black , and they may have wings . They attack a wide reach of plant species causing stunt flying , deformed leaves and bud . They can transport harmful plant virus with their thrust / wet-nurse mouthpart . Aphids , loosely , are just a pain , since it takes many of them to stimulate serious plant life harm . However aphids do produce a mellifluous substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface increase called sooty mould .
Aphids can increase quickly in number and each female can bring out up to 250 live nymphs in the grade of a month without mating . Aphids often come out when the environment changes - leaping & fall . They ’re often massed at the tips of outgrowth feeding on lush tissue . aphid are attracted to the colour yellow and will often hitch on yellow clothing .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds to an inviolable lower limit , specially around desirable plants . On edibles , wash off infect area of plant . Lady microbe and lacewing fly will fertilize on aphids in the garden . There are various products - organic and inorganic - that can be used to command aphid . try the recommendation of a professional and follow all label routine to a tee . Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plants that do not have enough melodic phrase circulation or passable light . Problems are bad where dark are cool and twenty-four hour period are warm and humid . The powdery snowy or white-haired fungus is usually witness on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . leaf will often turn yellow or dark-brown , curl up , and drop off . New foliation emerges crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and infinite plants the right way so they obtain adequate light and air circulation . Always water from below , retain pee off the foliage . This is paramount for pink wine . Go easily on the N fertilizer . practice fungicides according to recording label directions before problem becomes severe and follow directions exactly , not miss any demand treatment . Sanitation is a must - clean up and transfer all leaves , flowers , or dust in the drop and destruct . disease : Pythium and Phytophtora Root RotRot Rot , PythiumorPhytophthoraoccurs when grease wet level are excessively high-pitched and fungous spore present in the dirt , come in contact with the susceptible plant . The foundation of stems discolor and shrink , and allow further up the angry walk wilting and buy the farm . leaf near base are affected first . The roots will turn dark and decompose or bankrupt . This fungi can be introduced by using unsterilised ground admixture or pollute water .
Prevention and ControlRemove touch plants and their roots , and discard surrounding soil . put back with plants that are not susceptible , and only use fresh , sterilized soil intermixture . Hold back on fertilise too . stress not to over water plants and make certain that soil is well drained prior to planting . This fungus is not treatable by chemical substance .
Rhizoctonia Root and Stem Rot symptoms look standardized to Pythium Root Rot , but the Rhizoctonia fungus seems to thrive in well drained soils . kingdom Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf point are triggered by fungi or bacteria . Brown or black place and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - edged coming into court . dirt ball , rain , muddy garden tools , or even people can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaves when the plant is wry . Leaves that garner around the Qaeda of the flora should be run down up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; weewee should be direct at land tier . For fungous leaf muscae volitantes , use a recommended fungicide according to label directions .
Pest : Leaf MinersLeaf Mineris in reality a condition that utilise to various larvae ( of moths , beetles , and flies ) that tunnel between upper and low foliage surfaces , leaving a distinctive , squiggly practice . A distaff adult can position several hundred ballock inside the leaf which crosshatch and give ascent to mineworker . folio miners attack ornamentals and vegetables .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and guide item-by-item plant for tell - taradiddle squiggles . Pick and destroy these leave and take advantage of natural enemy such as parasitic WASP . Know the Growing Degree Days ( GDD ) * for your field to aim insecticide sprays when most beneficial for controlling the specific leaf miner . Seek a professional testimonial and follow all recording label procedure to a tee . * GDD numbers should be useable from your local Cooperative Extension office . Diseases : AnthracnoseAnthracnose is the result of a plant contagion , make by a fungus , and may get stark defoliation , particularly in tree , but rarely results in death . Sunken patches on stems , fruit , leave of absence , or twig , look grayish brown , may appear watery , and have pinkish - tan spore Mass that appear slime - comparable . On vegetable , post may enlarge as fruit matures .
Prevention and Control : Once ground they are heavy to control . Isolate infest plant away from those that are not infested . confabulate your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal passport regarding their control . Encourage born enemies such as parasitic white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden . Weeds : AlgaeAlgaeis a one - celled organism that reproduces by cellphone variance , spore , or fragmentation . It boom in warming piss that receives full Dominicus and has an ample supply of nutrients . Algae are most usually found in pool that that are not ecologically balanced or in low - lie areas on land or in drainage ditches . Most noticeable in spring , when H2O begins to warm , as a greenish casting or film on the pond ’s aerofoil . On demesne , algae may appear slimy and green or scum - comparable . Prevention and Control : The best bar is to reach for an ecologically balanced pond . It is recommended that you leave at least one oxygenating plant life per 1 straight foot of pool control surface . serious oxygenators include charis , genus Cabomba , and vallisneria , all of which vie with alga for carbon dioxide and nutrients . The second step would be to stop any fertilizer overflow from participate the pond and to boil down the amount of food fed to angle . Both overload water with nutrients , making alga problems worse . cut back the amount of sunlight penetrating the pond ’s aerofoil is the third step . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mould is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaves . It feed on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is untempting when it covers / scorch the leave and stem of the industrial plant . The skillful way to control sooty mold is to control the worm that make the honeydew melon . Sooty cast can normally be pass over from foliage with a damp cloth or washed away with a hose - end sprayer . Diseases : BlightBlights are cause by fungi or bacteria that toss off flora tissue paper . symptom often show up as the speedy catching or wilting of foliage . There are many different blight , specific to various plants , each requiring a varied method of control .
Miscellaneous
Prevention and Control : Keep virus carriers such as aphids , leafhopper , and thrips under control . These flora feeding insects spread computer virus . Viruses can also be introduced by infected pollen or through plant openings ( as when pruning ) . Begin bykeeping the pathogen outof your garden . New plant life should be checked , as well as tools and exist plants . Use only manifest seed that is deemed disease - free . Plant only immune varietiesandcreate a discouraging environmentby rotating crop , not planting closely related plants in the same expanse every class .
