Protect Your Garden the Organic Way
Avoiding chemical pesticide in your household lawn and garden is a great step to ensuring the health and safety of your family , favorite , neighborhood , and the ground !
By the time you notice fix in leaves , faint stalk , and rotten yield , pests have already win the battle with that works in your garden . Understanding pest ’ lifecycles and habit and using wise horticulture strategies will prepare you to prevent blighter impairment before it go on . We have also gathered non - chemic solvent for carry on with a pest after it has already made a home in your lawn or garden .
Why is it Important to control Pests the Organic Way?
Often we react to seeing dope or pests by immediately applying chemicals , or even enforce chemicals as prevention .
picture to pesticides has been linked to a long list of diseases and health problems : Parkinson ’s , sterility , cancer , birth defect , encephalitis , and lymphoma , just to name a few . Another problem is that the police force does not require company to test lawn pesticides with the same standards as pesticides used on commercially - grown food . Many of these contact hidden “ soggy ingredients ” that have never been tested for potential harm . TheCenter for Disease Controlhas document sheath of farmworker unwellness after exposure to pesticide .
In addition to the hurt they can do to us humans , pesticides contaminate the air , water , soil , works , and animals around us . For example , many studies have prove that pesticide harm honeybees , butterflies , ladybird beetle ( which eat lot of other pestilence ) , and fish , and that lawn chemical substance seep into the water mesa .
Besides that , they can be expensive !
Learning to battle pest without chemicals is a big way to help your health and that of your neighbors and the environment .
An authoritative matter to debate is that healthy organic grease is an wanton elbow room to cut down pest in the first home . industrial plant tend to thrive in an organically rich environment , which helps them fight off pests on their own . If you do n’t already have one or more compost bin for composting at family , get one . It also would n’t hurt to have a compost pail to keep near the kitchen cesspool to gather vegetable scraps handily .
Orange Guard is a non - toxic organically okay hemipteran grampus . The combat-ready ingredient d - Limonene ( orange peel selection ) destroys the wax coating of the insect ’s respiratory system . When applied directly , the worm suffocates.https://amzn.to/3gUPRka
This OMRI lean organic louse sea wolf and repellent for your lawn and garden that attaches to a water hose for easy app . It toss off and repels bugs.https://amzn.to/3iZWLWY
An organic , non - toxic killer for the natural ascendancy of Japanese Beetle grubs.https://amzn.to/3iZ0V1q
More About Avoiding Chemical Pesticides
Links to more data about pesticides and what you could do to obviate them .
General Organic Gardening Strategies Can Help Protect Your Garden From Pests
You may have heard of Integrated Pest Management and wondered what it meant . Integrated Pest Management is a fancy means to report the practice of preparation and working in your lawn or garden to forbid skunk and pests , using chemical substance only as the last recourse . Here are some introductory steps :
1.Learn about the plantsand the weeds and bugs that sham them .
2.Choose the proper plants . found native coinage whenever possible . Native plant are good protected by their own “ immune systems ” and their family relationship with other plants and animals in the area . You may also calculate for plants that are pest - insubordinate . broaden the garden with a variety show of plants will facilitate the plant life protect each other from pest . For instance , small flowered plants like daisies , mint , and rosemary draw in many insect that eat the pests . crack with a local garden shop or nursery for recommendations .
3.Maintain salubrious , productive soilby rotating your industrial plant , adding compost , and mulching .
4.Plant earlyto avoid the worst bug season .
5.Allow growth of the pesterer ’ natural marauder . Ladybugs , solid ground beetles , and birds eat many pest , and fungi and moss can infect the plague course . Spraying chemical substance often kills the beneficial bug too .
6.Get out there and work with your hands ! A hoe , spade , and your hands are the best tools to combat locoweed . Getting close-fitting to your plants will help you key problem and dispatch pests and damage plants by helping hand . Tilling can get rid of many weeds as well . Pruning plants help take out pathologic parts , leave the plant ’s nutrient for the healthy parts . Always prune back to a main branch or stem ; leave “ stubs ” opens a threshold for pestilence .
7.Keep a garden journalin which you record when you see pests , what they look like , what they have done to the plants , and the actions study . In this way , you will find out what works and what does n’t while try out with new techniques .
Specific Garden Pests and How to Control Them
Peach Borer
LocationThe smasher borer is a native of North America , found wherever salmon pink are grown east of the Rocky Mountains . A nearly come to mintage dwells in the western United States
Vulnerable plantsIt is most important insect enemy of peach trees , but also attack plum , wild and train cherry , prune , nectarine , apricot and various ornamental shrubs .
Peach Borer Appearance and HabitsThe first sign of wound is usually a mass of gum and brown frass at the base of the tree diagram luggage compartment , indicating that white louse , with brown heads , are working in the barque , anywhere from 2 to 3 in . below soil to 10 in . above . The winter is pass in this larval stage ; in spring the woodborer resume feeding , achieve their full inch - long size of it , then work to the surface of the bark to form cocoon of gum , excretion and bark particles .
Shortly before moth egression , brown pupa guinea pig are forced partly out of the cocoon . The moth are a petty over 1 in . across their wing ; the male are blue , with diaphanous , blue - edge wing ; the females have an orangish stria around a blue-blooded abdomen , disconsolate stem - wings , transparent hindwings . Each female lays several hundred egg near the base of the tree trunk , young worms hatch in about ten days to work their way inside the bark . Peaches seldom endure take over stone drill attacks .
How to Manage Peach BorersDig out the stone drill when you find their gummy residue around the base of the tree .
When planting peach trees , make a tin “ shield ” that encircle the tree and fill the blank between the shield and tree with tobacco dust . This take shape a protective pesticide layer .
you may also encircle trees with moth testicle or soft soap .
pelage barque of fresh trees with Tanglefoot of Stickem .
flora garlic near the trees .
Squash Borer
The squash vine vine borer is a native of this hemisphere , occurring east of the Rocky Mountains from Canada to Brazil .
Vulnerable PlantsIt attacks squashes and pumpkins and occasionally gourds , melons and cucumber vine .
Squash Borer Appearance and HabitsThe worm winters as a larva or pupa inside a silk - seamed dark cocoon an in or two below soil degree . The adult is a wasplike moth , with copper - immature forewing and orangish and fatal abdomen , appear in June in the Middle Atlantic States . It lay 150 - 200 eggs , singly , on the stem , specially at the foundation of the main radical , leafage stalking , blossoms . The young borers think of in about a calendar week , tunnel into the stem to bung . Usually the first sign of their front is a sudden wilting of the vine , at which time penny-pinching examination disclose sight of greenish - white-livered excrement come out from holes in the stem . The rock drill , a clean , wrinkled cat about 1 in . long , can be see by slit the theme with a knife .
How to Manage Squash BorersBaby blue and butternut squash can balk the rock drill to some degree .
If a alteration in location is potential , do not develop squashes two old age in successiveness on the same ground . If the same expanse must be used , spade or plough it in the declension to uncover the cocoon . draw up and burn vines straight off after harvest .
If a vine starts to wilt , vote down the borer with a knife and heap dry land over the stem joints to start Modern roots .
Make a second planting of summertime squash to mature after the first borer brood has disappear .
Apple Maggot
LocationThe apple maggot or railroad worm is a native , run from Canada to North Carolina and west to North Dakota and Arkansas .
Vulnerable PlantsThe maggot is especially deleterious to summer varieties in northern sections of the country . It also attack blueberries , plum , and related flies infest salmon pink , cherries , and walnut tree .
Apple Maggot Appearance and HabitsHibernation withdraw place inside a small brown puparium buried 1 to 6 in . late in the soil . The grownup fly front do not emerge until summer ( late June in some department , former July in most ) . They are a little small than house flies , black , with white bands on the abdomen and conspicuous zigzag blackened ring on the wings .
The females place their ball singly through punctures in the apple tegument ; in 5 to 10 twenty-four hour period these hatch into legless whitish maggots which burrow through the fruit by rasping and tear the pulp magazine into browned wind galleries . other varieties soon become a gentle mass of crappy flesh ; later potpourri have corky streak through the flesh and a distorted alveolate aerofoil . Completing their growth about a workweek after the apples have fallen to the land , the larvae go out the yield and tunnel in the land to pupate .
Ordinarily pupation continues until the next summer , but in its southem reach , the orchard apple tree maggot may have a partial 2nd generation .
How to Manage Apple MaggotsImmediately remove and put down dropped fruit on a large scale ; this is efficient only if implemented over several acres . If the fruit is not too seriously infested , it can be turned into cider .
Plant white clover , home to beetles .
Hang tent flap - traps in tree from mid - June through the harvest time , baited with a mixture of molasses , pee , and yeast .
Maggots in picked fruit may be killed by bear the apples in cold storehouse for a calendar month .
Codling Moth
Codling Moth LocationThe codling moth , or orchard apple tree worm , total to this country from Europe about 1750 and quickly became our most destructive cuss of apple yield .
Vulnerable PlantsCodling moths also attack pears , apricot , cherries , peaches , plums , quinces , cultivated crab apple and , in California , English walnuts . Unfortunately , spraying with pesticides is often the only effective method of controlling the codling moth , which is why these yield are the most highly - contaminated with pesticides . ( http://www.foodnews.org/reportcard.php )
Codling Moth Appearance and HabitsThe dirt ball lead the winter as a full - big larva , an inch - farsighted pink - white cat with a brown head , inside a slick cocoon under loose scales on apple bark or in other sheltered place . In spring the worms modification to dark-brown pupa and then grayish - brown moth , 3/4 in . across the wings . These egress to lie their testicle , severally , on the upper aerofoil of leave , on twig and on yield spurs . They work out at dusk , when the weather condition is dry and the temperature is above 55 ° F.
A dusty , wet spring at the sentence of ballock - put down means less worry with wormy apples . hatch in 6 to 20 days , small worm crawl to the young apples , enter by fashion of the calyx cup at the blossom end . They burrow to the core , often eat the seed , then burrow out through the side of the apple , leaving a mass of brown excrement behind , and front crawl to the tree trunk to pupate . There are two generations over most of the United States , and in some places a partial third . Second - brood larva enter the fruit at any point , without penchant for the blossom conclusion .
Crop reduction get not only from wormy fruit but from early drib of immature Malus pumila and from “ sting ” – small muddle palisade by dead tissue paper which lower fruit value even though the worms are poison before doing further impairment .
How to superintend Codling MothsPlant treat crops that support moth - eating beetles .
Hand - remove and destruct larvae .
stripe tree with parasitic roundworm .
Clean up the orchard by scraping loose barque from tree diagram and remove rubbish and all dropped orchard apple tree instantly .
Spotted Cucumber Beetle
Spotted Cucumber Beetle LocationIt is found throughout the United States east of the Rocky Mountains , increasing in importance towards the South .
Vulnerable PlantsThe spotted cuke mallet , aka Southern Corn Root - louse or Budworm , belong to the same genus as the stripy mallet but is a much more ecumenical feeder . As an adult , it works on at least 200 veg , flush , grass and green goddess , and as a larva , feeds on root of corn , beans , small grains , wild grasses . An almost superposable variety , often called the Diabrotica mallet , is an important bloom and vegetable pest in California .
Spotted Cucumber Beetle Appearance and HabitsThe greenish - yellow beetles , 1/4 in . long with 12 conspicuous black smudge , hibernate in protected places under rubbish or at the base of plant life . In spring females lay their egg just below the ground surface on or near young corn plants ; xanthous - white insect - like larvae with brown point hatch to tunnel into root and bud . The corn either makes poor growth or dies . As they fee , the larvae also may pass around bacteria have edible corn wilt .
Although spotted cucumber beetles do not induce as much damage to cucurbit foliage as the striped beetles they , too , are carrier of cucumber wilting and mosaic . They are also in particular destructive to blossom , being a common pest of dahlias , cosmos , chrysanthemum and other belated boo-boo .
How to superintend spotty Cucumber BeetlesAvoid hurt to the corn crop by planting late on soil plowedthe previous fall . For cucurbit follow focusing afford for stripy cucumber vine beetle .
Striped Cucumber Beetle
Striped Cucumber Beetle LocationThe foray cucumber beetle is a native of the United States , with a mountain chain from Mexico to Canada east of the Rocky Mountains .
Vulnerable PlantsIt is a serious pest of the cucurbit family , hurt cucumbers , Cucumis melo , wintertime squash , pumpkins , gourds , summertime squash and watermelon about in that order .
Striped Cucumber BeetleAppearance and HabitsThe winter is transcend as an adult – a belittled , 1/4 in . long yellowish beetle with three black chevron , hiding at the base of weed or under codswallop , often at some aloofness from the vegetable patch . The beetles start feeding in early fountain on blossoms and leave-taking of various wild plants , but they transmigrate to the vine crop as before long as these appear above priming coat .
Mating presently after migration , the females lay yellow bollock , in crack in the ground , which hatch into modest , worm - like , whitish larvae . These feed on the roots for 2 to 6 weeks , pupate in the dirt and , by midsummer , produce beetles which feed on leaves and often fruit until fall . There is one generation in the North , two or more in the South .
Cucumber beetles are injurious not only by the feeding of adults on leaves , stem and fruit , and of larvae on the roots , but also because they are carrier of cucumber wilt bacterium and the mosaic virus . The bacteria , living over the winter in the mallet ’s intestinal tract , are inoculate into plant life as the beetles feed ; the computer virus is acquired while the insects are feeding on weeds in the spring and then transmitted to the vine crops .
industrial plant late , after the first beetles think of . Start plants indoors in container .
Protect seedlings with cheesecloth or nylon collapsible shelter made by draping textile over cross bet .
Straw mulch keeps grownup from walking between plant .
Braconid wasps , roundworm , and soldier beetles eat up the cucumber beetle .
Squash Bug
squeeze Bug LocationThe squash bug is common throughout the United States , ranging from Central America to Canada .
Vulnerable PlantsThe mash hemipteran attacks all vine crops , showing a preference for squashes and pumpkins .
Squash Bug Appearance and HabitsThe grownup hemipteran is dark brown , sometimes blotch with gray or light brown , hard - shelled , about 4″ long . Because it gives off a disagreeable odor when beat it is commonly called a “ foetor glitch , ” but straight stink hemipteron belong to to a related to family . unpaired grownup hibernate in the shelter of dead leaves , vine , plank or edifice and fly to the garden when the vines start to “ carry . ” coupling take up place at that time , and clusters of brown eggs are laid on the underside of the leaves in the angles between veins . bollock - laying keep on until June 21 . The eggs hatching in a hebdomad or so into young nymph with green abdomen and deep red heads and legs , but older nymphs are a sober grayish clean with dark legs . There are five nymphal instars , or periods between molts , in the two months before the winged grownup shape come along .
Squash hemipteran feeding causes leaf to droop , then wrick black and laconic . Small plant may be killed entirely , big plants have one to several runners feign . Sometimes germ are so numerous that it is unsufferable to produce any squashes ; sometimes they congregate in heavy chemical group on unripe fruits .
Keep squash hemipterous insect away from vine plants by also planting marigold , radishes , or nasturtiums .
Squash bugs like to conceal under boards or meth , wherever it is darka and moistness . Remove all potential auspices .
Rotate crop .
Handpick beetle and eggs .
June Beetle
June Beetle LocationJune beetles , aka June bugs , daw bugs , May beetles , and white chow , include about 200 species and are allot throughout North America .
Vulnerable PlantsMore than 200 species injure skunk and vegetable in the chow stage and trees as adults . full-grown beetle eat leaves of oak , ash , birch rod , pine and other trees , as well as blackberry bush leaves . Grubs attack roots of clavus , potatoes , soya bean and strawberries .
June Beetle Appearance and HabitsMost beetles have a three - year hertz . big , dark - brown beetles and blank , brownish - headed grubs winter in the soil . In spring adult pull up stakes the soil at night , flying to course on leaves , coupling , and returning at morning to lay round white eggs in grassland soil . The eats hatch in two or three weeks and provender on roots until fall when they work their way below the plow - line for winter .
Working upwards the next spring , they do most of their damage this 2nd season . They grow to about an inch long , being the large chow normally feel in soil . The third season they feast until late spring , pupate in soil , exchange to beetles in late summertime , but do not leave the terra firma until the next fountain . dense beetle flights are to be await every third twelvemonth , but since there are dissimilar broods at varying stages in the sprightliness Hz , some June beetles appear every spring .
How to Manage June BeetleRotate berry with deeply - rooted clover and alfalfa .
Tear up infested lawn and grass , treat with organic fertilizer , and till and plow deep to put down the grub the summertime before planting .
Handpick adult beetles .
Japanese Beetle
Japanese Beetle LocationThe Japanese beetle was first noticed in this country in 1916 , near Riverton , N. J. Presumably it descend from its native Japan as a grub in soil around the human foot of nursery blood , or perhaps in a shipment of iris or azalea . Since its discovery this blighter has fan out course from five to ten miles a year , to get over from Maine to Georgia , and west to Michigan and Missouri .
Vulnerable PlantsAdult beetles feed on leafage , flowers and fruits of almost 300 plants , and eats ferment on dope root . Some of the beetle ’s preferred foods let in : shade Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree such as elm , horse chestnut , linden , sassafras , white birch , willow tree ; fruit – grapes , raspberries , babble out , apple , plum , cherry tree , quince ; prime – arise , althea , marigold , mallow , spiraea , zinnia ; vine – specially Virginia crawler ; vegetables – clavus , soya , asparagus , rhubarb .
Japanese Beetle Appearance and HabitsThe beetles are about 1/2″ long , shining bronze - green , with bronze wing covers from under which protrude twelve tufts of white hair’s-breadth . They are particularly participating on warm years , congregate in crowd on the cheery parts of plants . They are most active on warm , sunny years , and fly only in the daytime . They come forth in late bounce and early summer , and are most dynamic for four to six hebdomad . Seasons stick with a particularly wet summer unremarkably bring a great universe of beetles .
During this time , each distaff lays from 40 to 60 bollock 2 to 6 inches deep in the soil . The untried grubs feed on pasture source until cold atmospheric condition , when they work their way down below the hoar line . The grubs are clean , hairy , brown - manoeuver 3/4 in . long .
Beetles leave only the vein of leave , and devour integral flower and fruits . eats cut off grass origin so that the sod can be rolled back like a carpeting . Beetles feeding on corn silk prevent pollenation , resulting in sparse kernel development .
How to Manage Japanese BeetlesThe Nipponese beetle has many natural enemies : the spring and fall down typhia WASP , birds , and skunks are helpful beetle enemies .
fend off planting turf or sod from outside the area , which may miss the nutrient to support these rude opposition .
milklike spore disease is harmless to plants , animals , and world , but deadly for the mallet . It is most effective in area bigger than one acre . Talk to a local garden group or county representative for more entropy .
hit diseased fruit from the tree diagram and ground , and keep the area weed and clear .
Larkspur is venomous for the beetle , and they avoid the aroma of geraniums .
Handpick the beetles and drop them into a pail of water with a think level of kerosene .
Traps painted yellow and bait with fermenting fruit , lucre , and piddle get chiliad of mallet – empty this daily .
Colorado Potato Beetle
Colorado Potato Beetle LocationThe Colorado Potato Beetle is a native , and is so common that it is advert to as merely the “ Potato Bug . ” Found in the Rocky Mountains feed on Buffalo Bur about 1923 , it did not become abundant until the potato was enclose into its soil . Then it spread eastwards from potato spot to potato patch , average out 85 miles a year , until it reached the Atlantic Coast and invaded Europe .
Vulnerable PlantsAlthough white potato is its favored food , this beetle will eat on almost anything available , particularly tomato , mad apple , tobacco , pepper , background cherry , thorn orchard apple tree , jimson weed , henbane , and thistle .
Colorado Potato Beetle Appearance and HabitsAdults drop the winter buried 8 to 10 inches cryptic in the soil , issue in time to feed on the first foliage of former spud . They are wide , convex beetles , 1/2″ long , with alternating shameful and yellow stripe . female person lie down up to 20 quite a little each of orange - yellow eggs in chemical group on the underside of the leaves , over 4 to 5 weeks . The eggs hatch into humpbacked , purplish - red larva , with 2 row of black dots along each side . These larvae feed voraciously , often completely ingest the leaves . When full - big they fall into a globose cell in the basis , transubstantiate to a yellowish pupa , and in 5 to 10 mean solar day new grownup emerge to feed in and lay eggs for the second genesis .
How to grapple Colorado Potato BeetlesGrow potatoes above terra firma ! free fall potato seeds on 3″ of sward or leaf cover and cover with straw .
plant life natural beetle repellant nearby : flax , red cole , garlic , eggplant , snap beans , nightshade .
Handpick the beetles and crush the eggs .
Dust the tops of potato leaves with wheat bran . The beetle will eat up it and bloat up until they die .
Ladybugs and toads eat beetles .
Spray with Basil the Great water .
Spray leaf thoroughly with jumper lead or calcium arsenate , or cryolite , whenever beetle or larvae are present . Either arsenical may be combined with Bordeaux mixture for the ascendance of blight , but cryolite may be used only with a fixed cop liberal from lime .
Asparagus Beetle
Asparagus Beetle Location / Vulnerable plantsThe Asparagus Beetle get in this area from Europe about 1856 and is now widely distribute . Larvae and adults gnaw succulent shoot and devour summer foliage , weakening the plants for another year . Asparagus is , apparently , the only host .
Asparagus Beetle Appearance and HabitsThe beetles are less than 1″ recollective , bluish - black , with red chest , blue and yellow wing covers , the yellow often present as fleck . They wintertime in any protect piazza , often in chicken feed left around the garden , garage , and home . As presently as asparagus shoots appear in spring , they begin to run and lie words of black - brown eggs . greyish , black - headed sluggard come out in 3 to 7 day , chew on the stems for 10 to 14 twenty-four hours , then pupate in the ground for about a workweek . The beetle issue and lay ball either on stems or foliation . There are at least two propagation in the North , more in the South .
The 12 - spotted Asparagus Beetle is orange to brick red with , yes , 12 black spots . This species fertilize on the shoot , but delays egglaying until in short before the Chuck Berry form , when they glue dark green eggs to the leaves . The orange larvae and second propagation beetles feed only on the Chuck Berry .
A clean garden is the best bar . get rid of any places the beetle can cover , and till the soil to wake them from hibernation .
Asparagus beetles do not wish tomato plant , and asparagus plants bolt down the nematodes that often attack tomato . Intersperse the plants so that they protect each other .
A cheesecloth netting can protect lovesome young Asparagus officinales .
Birds , chicken , and duck’s egg get laid to wipe out the asparagus mallet , and lady beetle and the chalchid wasp provender on the larvae .
dilute the asparagus pip every 2 or 3 days , before the eggs can think up .
debris asparagus with pearl repast or rock inorganic phosphate .
The patched edible asparagus mallet can not vanish in the morning , and can be handpicked .
Elm Leaf Beetle
The Elm Leaf Beetle is believe to have reach Baltimore from Europe about 1834 . It is now enormously destructive throughout New England and the Middle Atlantic States , hap scatteringly westwards to the Mississippi , and is found on the Pacific Coast . It is confined to the elm , with Chinese and Siberian elm tree most seriously injured .
The grownup mallet is 1/4″ long , lily-livered , change to olive with old age , with black billet on the head and a black band on the exterior of each elytrum or wing cover . It winters in protected places , often in houses , and in spring flies to the elm , where it lay a double row of xanthous , lemon tree - shaped eggs on the undersurface of a leaf . These hatch in about a hebdomad into black - spot larvae , which skeletonize the parting , eating out everything except venous blood vessel and epidermis . After 3 week of alimentation , they fawn down the proboscis and pupate at the groundwork , more beetles appear in 1 to 2 calendar week , to eat holes through the foliage . There are two or three generation a twelvemonth , with the elmwood either entirely defoliated or covered with crisp brown leave . Two or three geezerhood of defoliation may imply last , and always mean a weakening of the tree so that it is subject to blast by the elm bark mallet , carrier of the spores causing Dutch elm disease .
There are no proven methods of forestall the elmwood leafage mallet ’s attack . Protect houses and garages , and keep the beetles from wintering inside , by caulking cleft . Monitor the elm tree to see if the harm is serious ; if so , implement a narrow ring of pesticide high than human reach . A comparatively harmless homemade pesticide of 3 ozs . laundry liquid ecstasy to 1 gallon . of water will kill larvae come down to pupate .
Gypsy Moth
The Gypsy Moth is an expensive pest of shade , forest and fruit trees , especially orchard apple tree , elm , oak , and aspen . incidentally let loose near Boston in 1869 , it now inhabits an sphere from the east sea-coast to Michigan , and as far in the south as North Carolina .
The gypsy moth begin as a brown , haired caterpillar , 2 inches long , with 5 pairs of low-spirited excrescence along the back , followed by 6 pairs of red ones . They fertilise in June and July , loot the Tree . They pupate inside a few - thread spun on tree branch or tree trunk and acquire moths in 17 to 18 days . The brownish , chicken - marked male flies freely , but the heavy female does not use her blank wings with their wavy colored markings . eggs clusters are clean or yellow and covered with whisker , can be as large as 1/2″ to 1″ in diam , and are found under tree branches , in toilet , under ledges , or any other good concealing place . statistical distribution is by crawling of caterpillars , flatus dispersion of unseasoned larvae , or by the removal of some object , such as an automobile or railroad machine , with attached bollock case .
Destroy eggs whenever possible .
In former April , roll 2″ encompassing sticky roadblock bands around Tree . There are many commercially useable products , which preclude cat from climbing up the tree .
The Gypsy moth has many natural predator , such as mouse , flies , beetles , and white Anglo-Saxon Protestant .
Spray with BT , doubly , 5 - 7 days apart .
Cabbage Maggot
The Cabbage Root - Maggot , introduce from Europe almost two century ago , is now a serious cuss in Canada and northern United States , but does not do much damage south of Pennsylvania . It likes nerveless weather .
It is hurtful to filch , cauliflower , broccoli , radish , turnips and other members of the moolah and Indian mustard family , and sometimes bring on beets , cultivated celery and other vegetable . In the fall months of September and October , the larvae onset rutabagas , turnips and brussels sprout .
The winter is expend as a pupa in an enclosing case ( puparium ) , 1 to 5 in . deep in the ground . About the time sweet cerise bloom , and young dough plants are coif out , a little white-haired fly crawls out of the soil to lay clean ball at the groundwork of the stem and on adjacent soil . These hachure in 3 to 7 days into small , snowy , legless maggot which come in the soil to feast on the roots , riddling them with brown tunnels . Seedlings wilt , call on yellow , and eventually die . After 3 weeks the maggot forms a puparium from its larval skin and develop another fly sheet in 12 to 18 days . The phone number of generations is indefinite ; normally the first feed on cabbage and its relatives , while late brood menace settle turnips and radish .
industrial plant after June 1 to avoid major pest season .
Protect seedbed with a cheesecloth or nylon cover to forestall egg - egg laying , and assure it to the ground on either side . Place a 3- to 4 - in . square toes of Jack-tar paper around stem turn of each plant life countersink out , at earth level .
It is sometimes possible to take away a seedling at first signal of wilting , wash off the maggot , and replant .
Dust red pepper , powdered ginger , or Mrs. Henry Wood ash tree around the theme .
Pictures
Cabbage Worm
The Imported Cabbage Worm come to this country from Europe , via Quebec , come in Massachusetts about 1869 , and quickly spread to all role of the United States .
It attacks all member of the cabbage or mustard greens phratry ( this includes cauliflower ) and also feed on genus Nasturtium , scented alyssum , mignonette and dough .
The worm winters in the pupa stage , a grey , green or tan angular chrysalid advert downwards from some object near the cabbage eyepatch . In early spring , the pupa hatches into a snowy butterfly with three or four dark position on each wing , a wingspan of 1 1/2″ to 2″. They lay yellow , fastball - form egg singly on the undersides of leaves . In about a week , velvet - politic green caterpillars , with flip-flop sparkle and dark-skinned longitudinal stripes , hatching and start feed , posit pellets of coloured light-green excreta as they eat huge , ragged holes in the leaves . They run for 2 to 3 weeks , then pupate , there being three to six generations in a time of year .
Plant tomatoes , onions , garlic , and sage around cultivated cabbage to deter the dirt ball .
Cover plants with a lightweight nylon net to keep the butterfly stroke from position eggs .
Till the soil several times between planting to destroy eggs and pupa .
Hand - remove larvae . Destroy quondam stalks as shortly as the crop is harvested , and ensure to destroy Mary Jane like Wild Mustard , Pepper Grass , Shepard ’s Purse , on which the first - propagation worm develop .
A issue of innate enemies reduce the caterpillar population , among them common yellow jackets and braconid white Anglo-Saxon Protestant . Braconid WASP are attract by strawberries .
The cabbage worm may overwhelm during large pelting .
Other methods include spooning ball up milk into the cabbage read/write head , or spray with a mixture of table salt , flour , and weewee , which will make the caterpillar bloat and die .
moving picture of a Cabbage Worm , above
Cabbage Worm ( Life Cycle , page 52 ): A. adult butterfly ; B. full - maturate worm ( larva ) ; C. egg , expand 10 time ; D. chrysalid ; E. typical wrong by louse , adults lay eggs
Corn Earworm
The Corn Earworm , aka Tomato Fruit Worm , Tobacco Budworm , Cotton Bollworm , is such a successful pest that it lives much everywhere in the globe between the parallels of 50 ° north and south latitudes . That ’s from the bottom one-half of Canada to almost the tip of South America .
The earworm winters as a pupa in the soil . A brownish - olive moth coming out in spring to lay 500 to 2500 eggs , one at a time , on various legion plants , including weed . The eggs are unclean blanched and covered stadium - influence . After incubate , the caterpillar produce to intimately 2″ long , have yellow head , and vary from yellow to brown to dark-green with lengthwise flip light and dark stripe . There are several multiplication in a time of year ; in corn , first - brood larvae rust into rise folio , while larvae of later broods start at the silk and eager into the pourboire of the pinna , deplete the kernels down to the cob and mob up moist castings of excretion . In tomatoes the worms feed on the partly ripened fruit , restlessly moving from one tomato to another ; cod of lima beans are sometimes invaded .
mellifluous corn is protect by go for mineral oil with a medicine dropper into the silk at the tip of the ear . ( 1/2 – 3/4 of a dropper ) . This should be applied after the silk turn chocolate-brown .
clavus varieties with a tightly unsympathetic ear do better at keeping the clavus stone drill out ; some farmers have aid the plants by bind closepins to the ear tips to physically freeze out the worms .
Other strategies let in clipping the silk every four 24-hour interval , and planting marigold near the corn .
In southerly gardens , the tomato plant fruit dirt ball may be controlled by applying pinches of bait to the fruit clump .
European Corn Borer
The European Corn Borer , discovered in Massachusetts in 1917 , has spread throughout most states east of the Rockies .
The clavus borer eats more than just Indian corn . It will bear into a broad variety of plant with declamatory stems , stalks , and fruits , such as bell Piper nigrum , snap and lima bean , spud vines , tomato . It also attacks efflorescence : dahlias , corpus sternum , and large - stemmed ornamental and Mary Jane plant .
The corn borer wintertime in larva conformation , an column inch - long , flesh - color cat with invisible black dots , in old stalk left around the garden and pupates in the same stalk . Yellow - brownish moths seem in former May or June to dwell white-hot eggs on the underside of corn whiskey leaves over a period of 3 or 4 weeks . These bollock begin hatching about a week later , and the young larvae chew pocket-size , rotund holes in leaves and move toward and into the industrial plant stalk , leaving behind sawdust - like excrement on the leaves and outside the still hunt . If you see crumpled stalks , the larvae have already done a lot of damage inside the plant .
uproot , shredding , and sink infected stalk is the most successful method of destroying the corn borer because it kills the winter larvae . Although this method does not salvage the sham plant , it will protect the next year ’s harvest .
Late plantings are more vulnerable to the corn borer . Corn or other affected plants should be plant betimes , to grow while other plants are also bearing yield .
Removing the borer by bridge player is the oldest curative . Split the stem a little below the entrance hole and cull out the dirt ball .
Other methods include draw the clavus borer moth to light trap , or using parasitic insects such as the ladybug , which will consume up to 60 borer egg a solar day .
Spray raw pesticide BTK ( http://gardenline.usask.ca/pests/bt.html ) on undersides of leaves and into tips of ears after silk wilt .
photo of a European Corn Borer
